🔍 Key Concepts

• Time charter party vs. voyage and bareboat (demise) charters • Who employs and pays the Master and crew under a time charter • Difference between commercial control (route, cargo, schedule) and nautical/technical control (seaworthiness, navigation, ship management)

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: In a time charter, who normally remains responsible for the ship’s management, safety, and crew—the owner or the charterer? • Consider who the Master must follow for trading instructions (ports, schedule, cargo) vs. who the Master answers to for discipline, maintenance, and statutory compliance. • Which option best reflects a split of responsibilities between commercial operations and ship administration, instead of giving everything to just one party?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify who typically employs the Master in a time charter arrangement (owner or charterer). • Check which party is usually responsible for vessel administration and seaworthiness under a time charter. • Eliminate any choice that suggests the Master’s responsibility is only to cargo interests or only to the charterer for all matters.