🔍 Key Concepts

• diesel exhaust color vs. engine condition (black / blue / white) • how coolant or water can enter a cylinder • effects of fuel contaminants (like vanadium) vs. mechanical damage (like liners)

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: what does white smoke usually indicate in a diesel—unburned fuel from low temperature, lubricating oil burning, or water/steam? • Which choice would most likely let cooling water or jacket water get into the combustion space? • Which option mainly affects long‑term deposits and corrosion in the exhaust system, rather than immediate visible smoke color?

✅ Before You Answer

• Match white smoke with its usual cause: water/steam or cold, unburned fuel, not high‑temperature burning. • Identify which component, if damaged, provides a path between coolant and the cylinder. • Distinguish between combustion condition changes (temperature/pressure) and fuel ash content (like vanadium) when thinking about visible exhaust.