🔍 Key Concepts

• Static electricity hazards during bunkering (fuel transfer) • Bonding vs insulating to prevent sparking • Regulatory preference for preventing arcing between ship and shore

💭 Think About

• Think about what actually causes a spark between ship and shore during fuel transfer. Do we want electricity to flow freely, or to prevent any flow at all? • Consider which option is most commonly specified in standards for ship-to-shore fuel or cargo hose connections. • Which method would stop a voltage difference from building up between the vessel and the shore connection at the coupling point?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify whether bonding eliminates or can actually create a path for a spark at the connection point. • Check which option is specifically designed to avoid arcing at the flange/coupling between ship and shore piping. • Eliminate any options that sound good in theory but are not the standard regulatory solution for ship-to-shore fuel transfer hoses.