🔍 Key Concepts

• Ro-Ro (Roll-on/Roll-off) cargo securing principles for heavy vehicles • Behavior of chains vs. web straps under dynamic loads (ship motion, vibration, impact) • Typical failure modes: shock loading, abrasion, temperature, and mechanical damage

💭 Think About

• When a ship rolls and pitches, how do rigid securing devices behave compared to more elastic ones? • Which listed disadvantage would most directly increase the risk of cargo movement or structural damage during heavy weather? • Among the options, which effect is inherent to chain as a material and construction, and which seem more situational or less critical?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which option relates to dynamic loading and ship motion, not just cosmetic or minor issues. • Ask whether a lack of elasticity would be a problem or an advantage when securing heavy wheeled cargo. • Consider which issues (temperature, wrapping, damage) are realistic primary design drawbacks of chain lashings versus secondary or unlikely concerns.