🔍 Key Concepts

• Reaction turbine blading and how pressure/velocity are distributed between fixed and moving blades • What end-tightened shrouding does at the tips of the blades and how it affects clearances • Which type of clearance (axial vs radial vs diaphragm) has the greatest effect on leakage and efficiency in a shrouded reaction stage

💭 Think About

• Identify where the shrouding is actually located on the blades and which part of the turbine it comes closest to during operation • Think about which direction the rotor moves most due to thermal expansion and load, and which movement would change the blade-tip clearances the most • Consider which of the listed positions, if slightly out of adjustment, would cause the largest steam leakage or rubbing risk in an end‑tightened, shrouded reaction stage

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the difference between axial clearance (along the shaft) and radial clearance (toward/away from the casing) • Relate the term diaphragm clearance to where the fixed nozzles are and how they interact with the moving shrouded blades • Ask yourself: which single position error would most quickly reduce stage efficiency or cause rubbing in a shrouded, reaction-type stage?