🔍 Key Concepts

• Specific gravity of electrolyte in a fully charged vs. discharged lead-acid battery • How dissolved sulfuric acid in water affects the freezing point of the solution • Relationship between state of charge and electrolyte concentration

💭 Think About

• When a lead-acid battery is fully charged, what happens to the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte compared to when it is discharged? • How does adding more solute (like sulfuric acid) to water typically affect the freezing point of the solution? • If the electrolyte is more concentrated in one state than the other, what does that imply about its ability to resist freezing?

✅ Before You Answer

• Compare the specific gravity (density) of the electrolyte in a fully charged battery to that in a discharged battery • Recall that solutions with more dissolved substance usually freeze at a different temperature than pure water • Make sure you connect state of charge → acid concentration → freezing point before choosing an option