🔍 Key Concepts

• Behavior of lead-acid batteries during charge and discharge cycles • Meaning of sulfation and when sulfate crystals build up on plates • Effects of overdischarge vs improper charging vs normal operation

💭 Think About

• Think about what actually happens to the plates chemically when a lead-acid battery is discharged and then recharged • Consider whether sulfation is something that can only happen in abnormal conditions, or if it can also occur slowly even in normal use • Ask yourself whether overdischarging and improper charging would make sulfate crystal buildup more or less likely

✅ Before You Answer

• Review how lead sulfate forms on plates during discharge and how it should convert back during proper charging • Check which conditions make sulfate deposits become hard, permanent crystals instead of being easily reversed • Decide whether each listed condition (normal use, overdischarge, improper charging) can contribute to sulfation, then see which choice matches that combination