What is usually the last step in trying to resolve a grievance filed by a crew member as established by the collective bargaining agreement between the company and the crew member's union?
• Collective bargaining agreement (CBA) grievance procedures usually move from informal to formal steps • The difference between informal conflict resolution and formal arbitration • The idea that the union and company often try several internal steps before binding arbitration
• Which option sounds like an early, informal attempt to fix the problem at the lowest level, closest to where it occurred? • Which option involves an outside or neutral party making a binding decision, and would logically come only after all internal steps have failed? • Look at the wording: which choices clearly describe intermediate steps onboard or in port, and which one sounds like the final, most formal step?
• Identify which choice clearly mentions binding resolution that both sides must accept • Check the sequence: crew–supervisor → shipboard union reps/committee → port/shore-side review → final outside decision-maker • Verify which option most closely matches a last resort step rather than a first attempt or mid-level review
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