🔍 Key Concepts

• Shallow water effects on maneuvering (squat, increased resistance) • Relationship between water depth and water flow around the hull and propeller • How stopping distance changes when resistance and controllability change

💭 Think About

• Think about what happens to the flow of water around the hull and under the keel when a ship moves in shallow water. Does the ship move more freely or with more resistance? • If the vessel responds more sluggishly in shallow water, what does that suggest about how quickly it can be slowed or stopped? • Consider how squat and bank effects might influence the ship’s ability to decelerate—do these effects help or hinder stopping?

✅ Before You Answer

• Recall how shallow water affects a vessel’s maneuverability and turning circle—does it generally improve or worsen handling? • Think about whether the propeller and rudder tend to be more or less effective in shallow water when engines are put astern. • Ask: In real-life ship handling, do mariners generally need more or less distance to stop a large vessel in restricted, shallow channels?