Under the IALA cardinal system, a mark with quick white light showing 3 flashes every 10 seconds indicates that the safest water in the area is in which location?
• IALA cardinal marks and what they indicate about where the safe water lies • The meaning of different flash groups: continuous, 3, 6+1 long, 9 • How to relate the number of flashes to the cardinal direction shown by the mark
• First, recall the four types of cardinal marks and match each with its characteristic light rhythm. • Think of any memory aid you’ve learned that links flash groups (3, 6+1, 9, continuous) to North, East, South, and West. • Once you identify which cardinal direction uses 3 quick white flashes, ask yourself: on which side of that buoy is the danger, and on which side is the safe water?
• Be sure you are using cardinal marks, not lateral (red/green) marks. • Double‑check which direction (N, E, S, W) corresponds specifically to 3 quick white flashes. • Confirm: with that cardinal mark, the safe water is on the named side (e.g., for an East cardinal, safe water is to the east of the mark).
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