🔍 Key Concepts

• Air motion in the cylinder during the intake and compression strokes • How intake port design can affect swirl and turbulence • Differences between fuel injection characteristics and actual gas-flow–induced turbulence

💭 Think About

• Which of these options physically changes the way air moves into or inside the cylinder before and during compression? • Do all of these choices act primarily on air motion, or do some mainly affect when and how fuel burns? • Think about which item an engine designer would shape or orient specifically to create swirl or turbulence in the incoming air charge.

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choices are related to air/fresh charge motion versus combustion timing or fuel breakup only. • Ask: which option can create a consistent swirling or tumbling motion in the cylinder every intake stroke? • Eliminate any choice that mainly affects ignition delay or spray pattern rather than bulk gas turbulence.