🔍 Key Concepts

• fuel oil transfer operations and what happens when you are "topping off" a tank • how shock pressure / water hammer can be created in hoses or pipelines when flow is suddenly changed or stopped • the purpose of vents, sounding, and hose handling during loading

💭 Think About

• Think about what is happening inside the hose and piping as the tank gets close to full: which action will most directly reduce sudden pressure surges in the line? • Which option changes the movement of the liquid in a way that makes it less likely to slam or surge when you reach near full conditions? • Which choices are more about monitoring or general safety, and which one specifically affects the likelihood of a pressure spike in the hose?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which option directly affects the flow rate in the hose as the tank approaches full condition. • Separate the choices that are about monitoring or general precautions from the one that actually prevents shock pressure from forming. • Ask yourself: if pressure is building in a closed system with liquid in motion, what practical step can the crew take to gradually reduce stress on the hose and piping?