There is always a lower water pressure at the fire hose outlet than is found at the discharge of the pump. Which of the following reasons is the common cause of this loss in pressure?
• Fire main pressure losses between pump discharge and remote outlets • Effect of friction losses in hoses, piping, and fittings on pressure • Difference between local component defects (valves, hydrants) vs. normal system behavior
• Ask yourself: If every hose outlet on the ship reads lower pressure than the pump discharge gauge, is that more likely a normal system effect or a specific defect? • Which parts of the fire main add resistance to water flow along the entire run, not just at one individual fitting? • How do length of run, number of bends, and internal roughness of pipes affect pressure at the outlet?
• Confirm that normal flowing systems always lose some pressure due to resistance to flow over distance. • Check which option describes something that would affect all outlets and all systems, not just a single damaged component. • Verify which listed item is a normal, expected cause of pressure drop, rather than a fault that would usually require repair.
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