🔍 Key Concepts

• Difference between belling, flaring, and expanding copper tubing ends • How small-diameter copper tubing is prepared to accept compression or flare-type fittings • Which tool forms a cone-shaped seat on the end of the tube to match a fitting

💭 Think About

• Think about what shape the end of the copper tube must have to accept a common connection fitting—does it need to be belled out, flared at an angle, or just expanded straight? • Consider which tool is specifically designed to create that angled sealing surface that works with a nut and sleeve to make a leak‑tight joint. • Ask yourself: which of these tools is normally used by plumbers/refrigeration techs when installing small copper lines for fuel, refrigeration, or instrumentation?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify which tool is used to create a 45° cone-shaped seat on the tubing end. • Check which tools are mainly for changing inside diameter for slip‑on joints versus shaping an angled sealing surface for fittings. • Confirm in your memory or notes which name is associated with common flare fittings used on small copper tubing.