🔍 Key Concepts

• Sine wave voltage relationships between peak (maximum) and effective/RMS values • The definition of RMS (root mean square) voltage for a pure sine wave • How ratios like 1.414 and 0.707 relate to each other (they are mathematical inverses)

💭 Think About

• If effective (RMS) voltage is known, what formula gives you the peak voltage of a sine wave? Write it down and plug in a simple value like 1 volt RMS. • If peak voltage is known, what formula gives you the RMS voltage? Again, try using 1 volt peak and see what RMS you get. • Compare which of the given ratios correctly expresses peak : effective and which might instead be expressing effective : peak.

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear about which side of the ratio is peak and which is effective (RMS)—the question is explicitly asking for peak-to-effective. • Confirm that for a pure sine wave, peak and RMS are related by a constant factor (no angles or frequencies involved). • Check whether both A and B can be correct at the same time when the ratio is specifically stated as peak-to-effective in that order.