🔍 Key Concepts

• Hydraulic tubing installation best practices (need some flexibility in the run) • Effect of thermal expansion and pressure changes on rigid metal tubing • How bends or loops in tubing help protect fittings from strain

💭 Think About

• Look closely at figure D and compare it with A and C: which ones provide a way for the tube to flex slightly if it grows or shrinks? • Under pressure and temperature changes, what is most likely to be damaged first: the tube wall itself, the fitting threads, or the seal at the fitting? Why? • Which answer choice describes a general design problem with the whole layout, not a strange behavior of the metal itself?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify which layouts in the illustration include bends or offsets that can take up movement, and which are perfectly straight and rigid between two fixed points. • Check which option describes no allowance for strain relief rather than an unrealistic physical effect. • Make sure the option you pick matches the overall mechanical arrangement shown in figure D, not just the behavior of one fitting.