🔍 Key Concepts

• centrifugal pump performance and how flow (capacity) relates to speed, impeller diameter, and other parts • the pump affinity laws (how capacity, head, and power change with speed and impeller size) • which parts (like wearing rings or couplings) mainly affect efficiency vs. actual rated capacity

💭 Think About

• Think about which variable, when increased, directly raises the flow rate in a centrifugal pump according to the pump affinity laws. • Ask yourself which options mainly improve efficiency or reduce leakage rather than truly changing the pump’s designed capacity. • Consider whether the mechanical arrangement (how the pump is mounted or coupled) normally changes the pump curve, or mainly just the footprint and alignment requirements.

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify which factor in the pump affinity laws is proportional to flow (Q) in a centrifugal pump. • Check whether changing wear ring clearances affects leakage/efficiency or the fundamental pump capacity rating. • Confirm whether a close-coupled arrangement changes hydraulic performance, or just how the pump and driver are physically connected.