🔍 Key Concepts

• Metacentric height (GM) and what a negative initial GM means for stability • Difference between steady angle due to instability vs. a temporary angle from external forces • Definitions of trim, yaw, heel, and loll in basic stability and shiphandling

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: when a vessel has a negative GM, is it initially stable or unstable, and what does it tend to do in still water? • Which term describes a permanent angle at rest caused by a loss of stability, rather than by wind, turning, or loading operations? • Match each option (trim, yaw, heel, loll) to its plain‑language meaning and eliminate the ones that involve fore‑and‑aft change, heading change, or external forces.

✅ Before You Answer

• Be sure you know that trim is related to bow vs. stern immersion (fore‑and‑aft), not side‑to‑side. • Confirm which term refers specifically to a transverse angle in still water caused by negative GM rather than by wind or turning. • Verify that yaw is associated with change in heading about the vertical axis, not a static list angle.