🔍 Key Concepts

• Difference between temperature and heat • Meaning of intensity versus total amount • What we actually read when using a thermometer

💭 Think About

• When you put a thermometer in a liquid, what property is it directly measuring: the total energy in all the liquid, or how ‘hot’ each particle is on average? • If you doubled the amount of substance at the same temperature, would the thermometer reading change? What does that tell you about what temperature represents? • Which choice describes something that depends on how much substance you have, and which describes something that does not?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which options describe total quantity of heat energy (depends on mass) versus a degree of hotness (independent of mass). • Check which option could be measured with a simple thermometer without knowing the size or amount of the substance. • Eliminate any choice that talks about systems or transfer of heat rather than the condition at a single point.