🔍 Key Concepts

• Control orifice / throttling process in steam lines • Meaning of adiabatic compared with processes where heat is added or removed • What attemporation, ebullient, and effervescent usually describe in steam or boiling-water systems

💭 Think About

• When steam passes through a small orifice and its pressure drops, what usually happens to its temperature and total heat content if no heat is added or removed? • Which of the four terms is most closely associated with a pressure drop through a restriction, versus water injection or visible bubbling? • Look at steam tables: what happens to the state of steam when you reduce its pressure suddenly without exchanging heat with the surroundings?

✅ Before You Answer

• Match the term to a pressure-drop / throttling process with essentially no heat transfer. • Eliminate any term that normally refers to adding water for desuperheating rather than creating superheat. • Eliminate terms that mainly describe bubbling / boiling appearance, not a thermodynamic process through an orifice.