🔍 Key Concepts

• Cold water immersion and hypothermia – how the body loses heat in cold water • Effect of movement and swimming on heat loss in cold water • Difference between short‑term comfort vs. long‑term survival time in cold environments

💭 Think About

• Think about how water temperature compares to body temperature and how quickly water can pull heat from the body compared to air. • Consider what happens to blood flow and skin exposure when a person moves or struggles in cold water versus staying still in a compact position. • Ask yourself: does heavy physical effort in cold water help the body conserve heat, or does it expose more surface area and speed up heat transfer?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify how water movement over the skin affects heat loss (still water vs. moving water). • Consider whether swimming and thrashing increase or decrease the body’s exposure and circulation to the skin. • Check standard cold‑water survival advice: is it to swim hard, or to minimize movement and assume a heat-conserving posture if no immediate rescue is available?