🔍 Key Concepts

• cavitation in hydraulic pumps and what it physically is (vapor bubbles forming and collapsing) • how energy loss in a hydraulic system usually shows up (heat, noise, vibration) • which components are directly affected inside a pump when cavitation occurs

💭 Think About

• When vapor bubbles form and collapse inside a pump, where does the lost energy go? Does it change temperature, speed, load, or sound? • Which of the listed effects would most logically come from internal damage/turbulence at the pump inlet rather than from downstream components? • Is the pump speed (RPM) normally controlled by the hydraulic system itself, or by the prime mover (electric motor/engine)? How does that affect which option is likely?

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on what cavitation means: formation and collapse of vapor bubbles in a liquid under low pressure. • Decide which option best matches energy being dissipated inside the fluid rather than a change in external load on the motor or pump speed. • Ask: which answer describes a common symptom of cavitation reported by mechanics and engineers (think noise, vibration, and temperature)?