🔍 Key Concepts

• Arbitration vs. mediation – how they differ in what the neutral third party actually does • The idea of a binding decision in labor/collective bargaining disputes • Whether the neutral party is mainly a decision-maker or a facilitator of negotiation

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: In classic labor arbitration, does the neutral third party simply help the sides talk, or do they actually issue a formal decision? • Look at each option and decide: which sounds more like mediation, which sounds like fact‑finding, and which sounds like arbitration? • Which description matches what happens after a full hearing where both sides present evidence and arguments?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choice clearly describes a binding decision role rather than just helping negotiate. • Eliminate any options that mainly describe investigation/fact‑finding instead of deciding based on presented evidence. • Eliminate any option that sounds like mediation (helping reach a voluntary settlement) rather than issuing a decision.