🔍 Key Concepts

• proportional-position control in automatic steering systems • difference between offset (steady-state error) and deviation (instantaneous error) • how load changes affect performance of a proportional-only controller

💭 Think About

• In a proportional-position system, what happens to the final controlled value when there is a constant error signal—does the system ever fully eliminate that error? • Which option describes a limitation (a problem that remains) rather than a benefit of proportional control? • How does a proportional-only controller react if the system load changes: does that change remove or introduce steady error?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choices describe a disadvantage (an undesirable result), not a normal feature or advantage • Ask whether proportional control alone can remove steady-state error/offset under changing load conditions • Check which option focuses on the relation between corrective action and the size/type of error being sensed (offset vs deviation)