🔍 Key Concepts

• Cargo sweat vs. ship sweat – what each one is and when it occurs • Effect of going from cold to warm climate on cargo and steel structure temperatures • Difference between hygroscopic (absorbs moisture) and non‑hygroscopic cargo for sweat risk

💭 Think About

• Think about the temperatures of three things: the cargo, the ship’s steel, and the outside air as you move into warmer, more humid conditions. Which one warms up fastest? • Ask yourself: in cold‑to‑warm moves, is condensation more likely to form on the ship’s structure or directly on the cargo? How does the nature of the cargo (non‑hygroscopic) affect this? • Consider whether bringing in warm, moist air by ventilation will increase or decrease the risk of condensation on cold surfaces inside the hold.

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the definitions: cargo sweat (where condensation forms) vs ship sweat (where condensation forms). • Verify which direction of travel (warm→cold or cold→warm) is typically associated with heavy ship sweat and which with heavy cargo sweat. • Check how a non‑hygroscopic cargo behaves: does it readily absorb moisture from the air, or does moisture tend to condense on its surface instead?