🔍 Key Concepts

• Tripping (girting) definition – how a tug can be capsized by the towline when the line leads abeam or forward of the beam • Differences between harbor/coastal towing and ocean (deep‑sea) towing – especially maneuvering frequency and towline length • Whether water depth or towline forces and direction are the real factors in tripping risk

💭 Think About

• Think about what physically causes a tug to trip: is it the depth of water, the length of the towline, or the direction and magnitude of the forces on the tug? • Ask yourself if the forces that can capsize a tug (towline pulling it sideways or forward of the beam) can exist only in shallow water, or also in deep water (open ocean). • Consider whether a long towing hawser automatically prevents the towline from ever coming abeam or ahead of the beam of the tug.

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the true cause of tripping/girting – towline lead and overturning moment on the tug, not just environment. • Check whether any option claims that deep water or long hawsers remove the danger – decide if that matches your understanding of towing physics. • Eliminate any choice that bases safety solely on water depth rather than on the tug–tow line angle and forces.