🔍 Key Concepts

• International Rules – Sound and Light Signals (Navigation Rules, Part D) • Difference between maneuvering signals (like turning) and whistle signals used in crossing/overtaking situations • Meaning of a short blast specifically for the vessel that must keep out of the way (give-way vessel) in international waters

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: Under the International Rules, does a short blast normally describe a change of course (port or starboard), or does it describe an intention to take action in a crossing situation? • Think about which vessel is the give-way vessel in a crossing situation. What, exactly, is that vessel required to do, and how might it communicate that to the stand-on vessel? • Look carefully at the choices: Which ones describe a relative passing arrangement (port-to-port) versus a responsibility (keeping clear) versus a helm movement (turning to starboard)? Which category does the short blast fall into for international crossing situations?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify in the Navigation Rules, International – Sound signals in restricted visibility and maneuvering (Rule 34), what a short blast means for a vessel taking action to keep clear in a crossing situation. • Check which option describes the duty of the give-way vessel in a crossing situation (what it must do), as opposed to a specific helm order or side-to-side passing arrangement. • Make sure you are not confusing Inland maneuvering signals (port-to-port, starboard-to-starboard) with International sound signals used to indicate actions in a crossing situation.