🔍 Key Concepts

• Turning circle components: advance vs. transfer • Ship’s movement parallel vs. perpendicular to the original course when turning • Relationship between heading change (e.g., 90°) and how distances in a turn are defined

💭 Think About

• When a ship begins a steady turn, think about how far it goes forward along the old course versus how far it moves sideways away from that course. Which term matches which direction? • Look at each option and ask: Is this distance measured in line with the original course, at right angles to it, or around the path of the turn? • Consider how naval architects and maneuvering diagrams usually label the distances for a ship’s turning test. Which name is used for the distance at right angles to the original course after a certain heading change?

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on the difference between advance (forward distance) and transfer (sideways distance). • Check which option talks about distance at right angles to the original course versus in the direction of the original course. • Verify that the correct definition does not describe distance along the circumference of the turning circle, but a straight-line offset from the original track.