🔍 Key Concepts

• Function of the cylinder liner in sealing combustion gases and guiding the piston • Relationship between liner wear and blow-by (gas leakage past the piston rings) • How piston ring and groove contact is affected when clearances change due to wear

💭 Think About

• If the cylinder liner wears excessively, what happens to the sealing between the piston rings and the liner—does this increase or decrease gas leakage (blow-by)? • How might a change in liner diameter and shape affect the way the piston rings sit and move in their grooves over time? • Could excessive liner wear indirectly influence wear between the piston ring and groove, and if so, would that be likely to increase or decrease?

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on what "blow-by" means (where the gases are leaking past). • Think about clearances: when a liner wears, what happens to the ring-to-liner and ring-to-groove clearances? • Consider whether each statement (I and II) is directly caused by liner wear or just loosely associated, and judge them individually before looking at the answer choices.