🔍 Key Concepts

• Nozzle energy conversion in steam ejectors (how thermal energy and pressure are converted into velocity/kinetic energy) • Effect of wet steam vs. dry steam on nozzle performance and vacuum quality • Relationship between droplet friction/impingement and losses in a high‑velocity jet

💭 Think About

• In an ideal steam nozzle with dry saturated or superheated steam, what happens to the steam’s thermal energy and pressure as it passes through the nozzle? How does this create vacuum? • If liquid droplets are present in the steam, what extra effects do they introduce inside the nozzle (think friction, turbulence, and heat transfer between vapor and liquid)? • Would wet steam help the nozzle create a stronger vacuum, or would it reduce the effectiveness of converting heat/pressure into velocity?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify what “wet steam” means (mixture of vapor and liquid water) and how that affects flow in nozzles. • Recall that for an ejector to pull a good vacuum, it needs maximum kinetic energy (high jet velocity) at the nozzle outlet—what type of losses reduce that velocity? • Check which option describes a loss of useful kinetic energy due to internal effects in the nozzle, rather than a perfect or improved energy conversion.