If the clock input frequency to the circuit...

Question 1 of 270705eccefa5bacbc34ba4d48693

If the clock input frequency to the circuit shown in the illustration were 100 kHz, what would be indicated at the output of 'FF-3'? See illustration EL-0087.

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Question 1 of 27070

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If the clock input frequency to the circuit shown in the illustration were 100 kHz, what would be indicated at the output of 'FF-3'? See illustration EL-0087.

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🔍 Key Concepts

• JK flip-flop operation when both J and K are tied high • How each flip-flop stage in a ripple counter affects the output frequency relative to its clock input • How many flip-flop stages the signal passes through before reaching FF-3 (Q3)

💭 Think About

• For each flip-flop, ask: when J = 1 and K = 1, what happens to Q on every active clock edge? • Trace the frequency change step-by-step: start at the 100 kHz clock, determine the output of FF0, then FF1, then FF2, then FF3. • Compare the waveform patterns shown for Q0, Q1, Q2, and Q3 with the original clock to see how many times the frequency is divided.

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify that each stage either toggles or not on every clock edge based on J and K inputs shown in the diagram. • Count carefully how many flip-flop stages are actually being used to reach FF-3 in this circuit. • Confirm the division factor (by 2, by 4, by 8, etc.) from clock-input to Q3 before matching it to one of the kHz choices.