🔍 Key Concepts

• Relationship between frequency and voltage in AC generators (alternators) • V/Hz (volts per hertz) ratio and magnetic flux in iron cores • Effects of low frequency on heating and magnetic saturation in connected equipment (motors, transformers)

💭 Think About

• If you lower the frequency but keep the same voltage, what happens to the volts-per-hertz (V/Hz) ratio and the magnetic flux in the alternator and connected equipment? • What is usually done to the terminal voltage when frequency drops, in order to avoid over‑fluxing and overheating of transformers and motors? • Look at the answer choices and ask: which one protects the insulation and iron core from excessive flux when running below rated frequency?

✅ Before You Answer

• Be clear on how V/Hz ratio changes when frequency decreases but voltage stays constant. • Think about which option would reduce the risk of over‑fluxing and overheating at lower frequency. • Eliminate any choice that would increase stress on the alternator and connected equipment when the frequency is already too low.