🔍 Key Concepts

• Distance off (closest point of approach) when altering course to pass at a specific distance from a light or object • How to use the chart around Falkner Island Light and Branford Reef Light to see what other hazards lie near your new track • Understanding what pilotage / sailing directions are normally used for in coastal vs. ocean navigation

💭 Think About

• First, on the chart, plot the 0740 position and then lay off a new course that passes 1.1 miles north of Falkner Island Light. What new track line do you get? • Once that track is drawn, measure its minimum distance from Branford Reef Light and from the 18' shoal. Are you farther than, closer than, or about equal to the distances claimed? • Think about when a mariner would normally need to consult sailing directions for pilotage requirements. Does this situation look like open coastal piloting on a chart you already have, or specialized port/harbor entry pilotage?

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify the actual plotted CPA (closest point of approach) to Branford Reef Light in nautical miles using dividers and the latitude scale. • Check the minimum depth and position of the 18' shoal relative to your new track – draw a perpendicular and measure the distance off. • Confirm what type of information sailing directions usually contain and whether anything in the question suggests a need for compulsory pilotage or special local directions.