🔍 Key Concepts
• Positive logic (high = logic 1, low = logic 0) and how that affects interpreting signal levels
• How each gate type in the figure (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, etc.) changes its inputs to produce the output
• Following the signal step‑by‑step from the given inputs through each stage to find the levels at test points A, B, and C
💭 Think About
• Start at the logic inputs shown in Figure 3E13 and write them as 1s and 0s. How does the first gate process those values to create the signal at point A?
• Once you know A, treat it as an input to the next gate(s). What does that gate do to determine B?
• Finally, use the known values at A and/or B and work through the last gate to determine C, then compare your A/B/C combination with the answer choices.
✅ Before You Answer
• Verify you correctly identified each gate symbol and its logic function (e.g., AND vs NAND, OR vs NOR, etc.).
• Check that you applied positive logic consistently: high = 1 and low = 0 at every stage.
• Before choosing an option, confirm that your final A, B, and C values (high/low) match exactly one of the given answer patterns.