🔍 Key Concepts

• The three primary methods of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation • How fire and smoke travel through ventilation ducts and air-handling systems • The purpose and location of fire dampers in bulkheads, decks, and ducting

💭 Think About

• Think about what moves through ventilation ducts that can carry fire from one compartment to another. • Ask yourself which type of heat transfer involves the movement of a fluid, like air, rather than contact between solids or heat traveling as waves. • Consider whether a fire damper is designed mainly to stop heat passing through metal, to block line-of-sight heat, or to shut off moving air and smoke.

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify what medium (solid metal, still air, moving air, or radiation) a fire damper is actually interrupting. • Confirm where fire dampers are installed aboard ship (for example, inside ventilation ducts versus on solid bulkheads) and what that suggests about the heat transfer mode. • Eliminate any option that does NOT depend on the movement of a gas or liquid, if your understanding of the damper’s function points that way.