🔍 Key Concepts

• Exhaust gas flow path on a turbocharged diesel (from cylinders → exhaust manifold → turbocharger turbine → exhaust piping → silencer/muffler → outlet) • What back pressure actually measures and how a downstream restriction affects the reading at the turbocharger discharge • Difference between problems that restrict exhaust gas flow vs those that restrict intake air flow to the turbocharger

💭 Think About

• Trace the exhaust flow step‑by‑step starting at the engine cylinders and moving all the way to the outlet. Ask yourself: a restriction in which section would show up as higher pressure at the turbocharger discharge? • For each choice, decide: does this restriction occur upstream or downstream of the point where pressure is measured? How would that change what you see on the gauge? • Separate issues that affect air intake to the turbo from those that affect exhaust gas leaving the turbo. Which one is being measured by an exhaust back‑pressure gauge?

✅ Before You Answer

• Confirm where the question says the pressure is measured: "at the discharge of a turbocharger" and picture that location physically. • For each answer choice, decide if the component is located before or after the measurement point in the exhaust gas path. • Verify which options deal with exhaust side restrictions beyond the turbocharger (downstream), since those are the ones that directly increase measured back pressure at the turbo discharge for a given engine load.