🔍 Key Concepts

• Types of cargo damage and how they occur during loading, discharge, and stowage • Difference between chemical changes inside the cargo (like rusting or spoiling) and foreign matter getting into the cargo • How dust from other cargoes, the pier, or the atmosphere can affect clean or sensitive cargo

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: is dust something that changes the substance of the cargo itself, or is it something that gets mixed into or onto it from outside? • Think about food-grade or ‘clean’ cargoes like sugar, flour, or grain. What do we call it when they are spoiled by small amounts of another substance getting into them? • Which option best describes foreign material being introduced to an otherwise sound cargo, without necessarily changing its chemical structure?

✅ Before You Answer

• Check which term refers to outside material getting into or onto the cargo rather than a reaction within the cargo itself. • Eliminate any choice that clearly involves heat or a phase change (solid to gas, etc.), since that does not match how dust acts. • Verify that your chosen term is commonly used in cargo handling to describe clean cargo being spoiled by unwanted foreign matter like dust, dirt, or residues.