🔍 Key Concepts

• Waveguide vs standard transmission line (coax/twin-lead) and how each carries energy • Where electromagnetic fields actually exist in a hollow metallic waveguide • The role of the metal walls in guiding RF energy

💭 Think About

• In a hollow rectangular waveguide, is most of the RF energy flowing inside the conductor like DC current, or in the space inside the guide as fields? • How do the electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields interact with the conducting walls—are they mainly inside the metal or mainly in the empty interior? • Which option best describes RF power being carried as fields guided by the boundary conditions at the walls, rather than as conduction current along a wire?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choices incorrectly treat the waveguide just like a normal wire or transmission line • Eliminate any options that focus on electron flow inside the conductor as the primary means of carrying energy • Look for the option that emphasizes fields guided by the waveguide walls, not simple conduction current along a central conductor