Communication at frequencies in the order of 15 kHz are usually accomplished by ground waves, and require generation of ____ power outputs for reliable and continuous operation:
• Ground wave propagation at low frequencies (around 15 kHz) • How frequency affects antenna size and efficiency • Typical power levels used for long‑range LF/MF marine communications
• For a low frequency like 15 kHz, would the antenna be very efficient or relatively inefficient on a ship? How does that affect the power you need? • Think about long‑range ground‑wave services (like old LF navigation or long‑distance broadcast): do they usually operate with modest power or quite substantial transmitters? • Compare the word "extremely" in the choices to what is practical on ships or coastal stations—what level sounds operationally realistic but still strong enough for reliable coverage?
• Confirm that lower frequencies generally need more power (and/or big antennas) to cover long distances via ground wave. • Consider what is a realistic maximum for marine or coastal radio installations—not theoretical lab values. • Check whether "extremely" in the answer choices would imply impractical transmitter sizes for normal maritime service.
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