🔍 Key Concepts

• Rule 15 – Crossing Situation (International & Inland) • Duties of the give-way vessel versus the stand-on vessel • COLREGS requirement for early and substantial action to avoid collision

💭 Think About

• In a crossing situation, what is the primary goal of the give-way vessel’s maneuver in relation to the stand-on vessel’s course and speed? • Which types of maneuvers make your intentions clear on radar and visually, and which can create confusion for the stand-on vessel? • Think about which option most increases the risk of collision or close-quarters by putting your vessel in front of the stand-on vessel.

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify which vessel is supposed to maintain course and speed and which one must take avoiding action under Rule 15. • Ask yourself which option would tend to pass safely astern of the stand-on vessel versus cutting across its bow. • Check which maneuver is specifically cautioned against in the context of crossing situations because it can reduce the stand-on vessel’s ability to avoid you.