🔍 Key Concepts

• Rule 5 – Look-out of the Navigation Rules (duty to maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing, as well as by all available means) • Rule 19 – Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility (use of radar and other available information) • The practical benefits and limitations of radar versus human look-outs in fog

💭 Think About

• Which option best matches the idea of using all available means to maintain a proper look-out in restricted visibility, rather than relying on just one method? • Think about where a human look-out can most effectively see, hear, and detect other vessels or hazards when visibility is poor. • Consider which actions would actually reduce your situational awareness or conflict with the requirement to sound fog signals under the Rules.

✅ Before You Answer

• Verify what Rule 5 (Look-out) actually says about how a look-out must be maintained in all conditions, including fog. • Check under Rule 19 (Restricted visibility) how radar should be used (as an aid, and what kind of information it provides) versus what a person stationed outside can detect (especially sound). • Eliminate any choice that would discontinue required fog signals or that would place the look-out where they cannot effectively hear or see approaching traffic.