🔍 Key Concepts

• Emergency hull repairs and damage control priorities (slow flooding, maintain watertight integrity, avoid worsening damage) • Difference between permanent repairs (welding, structural modifications) and temporary patches for at‑sea emergencies • How shoring, strongbacks, and packing are used to distribute pressure and seal leaks without stressing damaged metal

💭 Think About

• Which option is least likely to make the crack spread or enlarge under stress or flexing of the hull? • Which methods are normally done in a shipyard by skilled welders versus methods that damage control parties can safely do at sea? • Think about how you can use soft material plus support to create a seal against water pressure from the outside.

✅ Before You Answer

• Eliminate any option that would increase stress or heat on already‑cracked plating while afloat • Focus on methods that use external support (shoring/strongbacks) instead of depending on the cracked metal for strength • Ask: Does this method look like a temporary, reversible damage-control measure or a permanent structural repair?