Adequate horsepower is of great importance when a ship is navigating independently in ice. Adequate horsepower is generally considered to exist when the horsepower to length ratio is at least __________.
• Relationship between a ship’s length and the power needed to break and maneuver in ice • Typical design guidance for ice-capable merchant ships regarding horsepower per unit length • Why underpowered ships are dangerous or ineffective in ice navigation
• Think about whether ice navigation usually requires much more, slightly more, or about the same power as open-water operation for a ship of given length. • Consider which of these ratios seems consistent with the idea of having a significant power reserve for backing and ramming in ice. • Ask yourself: if you double a ship’s length, how should the horsepower change to keep performance in ice roughly similar?
• Compare each choice as "horsepower units per unit length" and ask which seems high enough to represent a strongly powered ship for ice. • Eliminate any option that feels more like an ordinary open-water design rather than an ice-capable standard. • Before picking, be sure you can explain to yourself why that ratio would reasonably allow a ship to maintain way and maneuver in brash or first-year ice.
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