🔍 Key Concepts

• Thermal expansion of liquids and how temperature affects volume • Meaning of coefficient of expansion for petroleum products • Difference between observed volume (at existing temperature) and net volume (standard temperature, usually 60°F for petroleum)

💭 Think About

• Start by finding how much the 9,000 barrels would change in volume for each degree Fahrenheit away from 60°F using the coefficient of expansion. • Decide whether gasoline at 80°F will shrink or expand when corrected to 60°F, and therefore whether the net volume should be more or less than 9,000 barrels. • Use the volume correction formula to estimate how many barrels are gained or lost, then compare that change with the answer choices.

✅ Before You Answer

• Confirm whether the base (standard) temperature for petroleum cargo calculations is 60°F. • Check the sign of the temperature difference (is it 80°F − 60°F or 60°F − 80°F?) and how that affects volume change direction. • Verify that your calculated change in barrels (increase or decrease from 9,000) is close to one of the listed options before choosing.