🔍 Key Concepts

• Transverse stability (GM) and what happens when it is positive, zero, or negative • Relationship between KM, KG, and GM: GM = KM − KG • Difference between LCG/TCG (longitudinal/transverse center of gravity) and how they affect trim vs list

💭 Think About

• Think about what it means physically when a vessel "flops" from a port list to a starboard list with only a small disturbance. • Ask yourself: does a constant list to one side suggest the same condition as an easy "flop" from one side to the other, or is that a different stability situation? • Which of the choices directly describes a condition where the metacenter and center of gravity relationship makes the upright position unstable or only neutrally stable?

✅ Before You Answer

• Write out GM = KM − KG and relate each choice to whether GM is positive, zero, or negative. • Identify which parameters refer to transverse behavior (list) versus longitudinal behavior (trim); eliminate the longitudinal ones. • For each remaining transverse option, decide: does it create a steady list in one direction, or a condition where the vessel can easily roll and "flop" from one side to the other?