A mode of control, whereby the position of the final control element is linearly proportional to the rate of change of the controlled variable, is called __________.
• Proportional, integral, and derivative actions in automatic control systems • How a controller responds to the rate of change versus the present value or past error • Meaning of two-position (on-off) control compared to continuous control actions
• Which type of control action produces an output based on how fast the controlled variable is changing, not just how far it is from the setpoint? • Among proportional, integral, derivative, and on-off actions, which one is most associated with anticipating future error by watching the trend? • Which options are more about accumulated error over time or simple on/off switching, and can be ruled out because they don’t focus on rate of change?
• Verify which action is specifically related to the slope (rate of change) of the controlled variable rather than its present magnitude or accumulated past error. • Confirm that reset (integral) control is tied to the sum (integral) of past error, not the rate of change. • Check that two-position control simply switches between two states and does not provide an output proportional to any rate of change.
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