🔍 Key Concepts

• Color of diesel exhaust and what each color usually indicates (white, blue, black) • How cooling water or jacket water could enter a cylinder in a large marine diesel • The function and construction of a cylinder liner in a marine diesel engine

💭 Think About

• Ask yourself: warmed-up engines normally have little visible exhaust—what does persistent white vapor usually mean in terms of water vs. fuel vs. lube oil? • Which of these choices would most directly allow cooling water or jacket water to get into the combustion space and turn into steam? • Which option describes a problem with operating conditions (like load or speed) rather than a mechanical path for water into the cylinder?

✅ Before You Answer

• Match exhaust color to common causes: white vs. black vs. blue • Identify which choice involves a mechanical defect that could let cooling water enter the cylinder • Eliminate any options that mainly affect fuel burning quality or loading but do NOT provide a clear way for water to get into the exhaust