🔍 Key Concepts

• Transverse stability (GM) and how free surface in tanks affects it • Difference between overall stability measures and local structural concerns like hull stress • How liquid cargo behavior in partially filled tanks changes a vessel’s key stability priorities

💭 Think About

• If several tanks are slack (partially filled), which vessel characteristic is affected the most and the fastest? • Which option, if not properly controlled, could cause a sudden and dangerous loss of stability even in calm conditions? • Which factor is the primary focus of tankerman and cargo officer calculations before and during loading/discharging operations?

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choice is directly related to resistance to capsizing (initial stability) • Decide which option is most sensitive to free surface effect in tanks • Consider which factor must stay within safe limits at all stages of loading and discharging, not just at departure or arrival