🔍 Key Concepts

• Difference between major accidents (groundings, collisions) and day-to-day operations on tankers • How often routine operations occur compared to rare casualties • Typical sources of chronic, small spills versus large, catastrophic spills

💭 Think About

• Which activities on a tanker happen every single voyage, sometimes many times, and therefore have more chances to create small pollution incidents? • Are most pollution incidents huge disasters, or many small/medium releases that add up over time? • Think about where oil can be unintentionally released during normal cargo/ballast/tank-cleaning operations.

✅ Before You Answer

• Distinguish between frequency of incidents and size/severity of a spill • Identify which choice describes normal, repeated operations rather than accidents • Consider how ballasting and tank washing could release oily mixtures if not properly controlled