🔍 Key Concepts

• Effect of weight added high on the ship on center of gravity (KG) and stability • Difference between displacement (total weight of the vessel) and how that weight is distributed vertically • How topside icing changes the vessel’s righting ability and tendency to roll

💭 Think About

• When ice builds up high on the vessel, does it act like adding weight low or adding weight high? How does that affect stability? • Which option refers specifically to the vertical position of the ship’s center of gravity, not just the total weight or underwater volume? • Think about which factor, when increased, makes a vessel more ‘tender’ (slow, large rolls) and easier to capsize in heavy seas.

✅ Before You Answer

• Identify which choice is directly related to the vertical location of the ship’s center of gravity • Eliminate any options that mainly describe underwater volume or draft rather than vertical weight distribution • Recall: stability generally decreases when the center of gravity moves upward—match that to the correct term in the choices